Based on the analysis of many scientific articles on the influence of alcohol on insulin resistance, its positive or negative impact on the development of insulin resistance cannot be unequivocally stated. The effect depends on the amount and type of alcohol consumed. Its beneficial effect is associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol and the production of apolipoproteins in the liver after alcohol consumption. On the other hand, it was found that drinking about 30g of alcohol a day by women and men increases the concentration of triglycerides in the blood.

Caffeine intensifies in the muscles oxidation of fatty compounds and thus increases the basic energy demand. It stimulates the release of fatty acids (FFA) from peripheral tissues and reduces the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscles. Caffeine contained in coffee causes a temporary increase in blood pressure and raises cholesterol total and HDL fraction. Coffee consumed in excessive amounts has an adverse effect on the endothelium of blood vessels, which is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and heart attack.